SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

Simple present tense

A.      Usage

simple present tense is used to explain the following things:
1. usual activities or events or frequently occur at any time.
2. activities or events that factual

B.      sentence structure

in preparing the simple present tense sentences, we must use the verb (infinitive) with or without the additional s / es. structure as follows:

Subject + infinitive ( s/es + object )

I You We                                play tennis They

He She                                plays tennis It

a.       actors set name of the person or group of objects or the first person singular and plural second person pronoun, and the third person plural pronoun.
if  actors  I, you, we, They, the sentence using a verb with no additional s or es.

I/You/We/ They + infinitive + object

Example :

-          I go to campus by motorcycle

-          You come at home in the afternoon

-          We miss her so much

-          They play tennis on fridays

b.      offender's name or any person or third person singular pronoun.
if the perpetrator's name or any person or third person singular pronoun, the sentence must use the verb  1 + s or es.

He/She/It + infinitive + s/es + object

Example :

-          He goes to work every morning

-          She drinks tea and milk

-          The cat catchs the mouse

note the verb contained in the following sentences:

in the present tense, if the subject is third person singular pronoun or the name of an object, the verb should be added s or es. Additional ice contained in the verb that ends with the letter ss / sh / ch / x.
example:

-          Kiss ® kisses

-          Miss ® misses

-          Wash ® washes

-          Watch ® watches

If  the verb ends in y after a consonant, the letter was changed to i + es.

-          Study ® studies

-          Reply ® replies

-          Fly ® flies

for a verb that ends in y after a vowel, verb plus the s.

example :

-          Play ® plays

-          Say ® says

-          Enjoy ® enjoys

verbs have, do, and go change into as follows:

example :

-          Have ® has

-          Do ® does

-          Go ® goes

c.       examples of sentences that explain the fact that ever happened

-          we eat to live

-          fish lives in water

-          everyone wants to be happy

-          fisherman catch fish

C.     positive sentence

formula :

Positif: S + V1 (s/es)

Example :

-          I drink coffee

-          She drinks coffe

-          We drink coffee

D.    interrogative sentence
In the structure of simple present tense, interrogative sentence using the auxiliary verb do or does.

a.  do use

Do + I/you/we/they + infinitive + object

Example :

- Do I know you ?

- Do we live to eat ?

- Do they respect you ?

b.   does use

Does + he/she/it + infinitive + object

Example :

      - Does Mr. Brown know you ?

      - Does she like love stories ?

      - Does john get up early ?

c.       do and does with what, where, when, which, why, and how

What/where/when/which/why/how + do/does + subject + infinitive

Example :

-          What do you want  ?

-          Where do you live ?

-          When do you play football ?

-          Which one do you want ?

-          Why do you like chocolate ?

-          How do you go to school ?

E.     negative sentences

a.       do not or don’t

I/You/We/They + do not/don’t + object

-          I don’t  like this

-          You don’t  understand with me

-          We don’t  live in padang

-          They don’t eat meat

b.      does not or doesn’t

He/She/It + does not/doesn’t + infinitive + object

-          Mike doesn’t speak minang

-          Susan doesn’t drink coffe

-          This engine doesn’t help

F.      use of tenses

a.       always

-          Helen always watches television

-          We always together

-          They always come on time

-          Rany always listens to me

b.      Usually

-          I usually wath television until ten o’clock

-          She usually makes a cake

c.       Sometimes

-          I sometimes swim in the sea

-          She sometimes talks to herself

-          They sometimes make trouble

d.      Often

-          Jack often travels by trains

-          You often talk about music

-          We often visit Mr Joko

e.      Seldom

-          I seldom drink coffe

-          She seldom washes her clothes

-          He seldom checks the engine

f.        never.

-          I  never hate you

-          They never

G.     Verbal and nominal

Complement :

Ø Verbal sentence has a verb arrangement

Ø Nominal sentence has no verb arrangement
Ø In Positive sentences, especially for: She, He, It says it works plus: s / es.

                   

Formula :

(+) S+V₁+O+A.

(-) S +  don’t  +V₁+O+ A.

         doesn’t

(?) Do    +S+V₁+O+A?

     Does

·         Verbal

(+) I write a letter   to her every month.

(-) I don’t write a letter to her every month.

(?) Do you write a letter to her every month?

·         Nominal

-      I am a student of STTP

H.    Active and pasive sentence

If the active voice in simple present tense, then 'be' passive voice it is is, am or are.
example:

     Active: He meets them every day.
     Passive: They are met by him every day.

     Active: She waters this plant every two days.
     Passive: This plant is watered by her every two days.

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I.       Example  text simple present tense :

 Belajar bahasa Inggris.


Setelah mempelajari simple present tense, sekarang saya akan menuliskan cerita yang sangat sederhana dalam simple present tense.

DELLA’S DAILY LIFE

Della usually gets up at five in the morning. After taking shower, she takes praying. Della always helps his mother every morning. Her mother prepares breakfast for the family. Della makes her bed, and she wakes her brother up. She cleans the house and her brother feeds the chicken and then he takes a bath. At 6.15 they have breakfast, and at 6.30 Della  goes to school with her mom by motorcycle. Her brother goes to school by bicycle. Her father goes to the office by car.

Della biasanya bangun jam lima pagi. Setelah mandi, ia mengambil berdoa. Della selalu membantu ibunya setiap pagi. Ibunya menyiapkan sarapan bagi keluarga. Della membuat tempat tidurnya, dan dia bangun kakaknya atas. Dia bersihkan rumah dan kakaknya feed ayam dan kemudian ia mengambil mandi. Pukul 6.15 mereka sarapan, dan pada 6,30 Della pergi ke sekolah bersama ibunya dengan sepeda motor. Kakaknya pergi ke sekolah dengan sepeda. Ayahnya pergi ke kantor dengan mobil.

2.

Coba perhatikan kata-kata yang bergaris tebal, dan subjectnya. Dalam kalimat-kalimat di atas Anda bisa melihat penggunaan atau penerapan kata-katanya dan penenmpatan tambahan huruf S pada verbs. Perhatikan subject yang verbsnya perlu ditambahkan huruf S, dan yang tidak perlu ditambahkan huruf S. Kalau Anda sudah jelas, Anda bisa membuat cerita seperti di atas dengan menggunakan kehidupan Anda sekari-hari sebagai bahannya. Pertama, Anda tuliskan cerita itu, setelah Anda mahir, Anda boleh menceritakannya secara lisan. Jadi, dengan cerita di atas Anda sudah Reading cerita yang saya tulis, kemudian writing cerita Anda sendiri, dan yang terakhir speaking tentang cerita Anda. Kalau Anda rajin berlatih, Anda pasti bisa. Selamat belajar, and see you on the next lesson.

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Semoga bermanfaat ^.^